EasyZoologyBreathing and Exchange of Gases
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Which of the following is a feature of the alveolar membrane that facilitates rapid gas exchange?
A
Thick multilayered walls
B
Absence of capillaries
C
Extremely thin walls and rich capillary network
D
Presence of mucus secreting cells
Explanation
The alveoli are adapted for efficient gas exchange by: (1) extremely thin walls (squamous epithelium, ~0.1–0.5 μm) to minimise diffusion distance; (2) rich surrounding capillary network for rapid transport; (3) large surface area (~70 m²); (4) moist surface to dissolve gases; (5) close proximity of alveolar air and blood (blood-air barrier ~0.2 μm thick).
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