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Botany

Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants

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How many of the following structures are present in embryo of monocot plants but not in embryo of dicot plants.
Cotyledon, embryonal axis, coleoptile, radicle, plumule, endosperm, coleorhiza, seed coat, hypocotyl, epicotyl

Three

Six

Two

Four

Pollen shed at 2-celled stage:

>60%

35%

<20%

100%

Major pollination in angiosperms:

Biotic

Abiotic

Wind only

Water only

A ovule generally has ............(i)............. embryo sac formed from a .........(ii)........... through ..........(iii)........ divisions -

(i) - Several, (ii) - Megaspore mother cell, (iii) - Mitotic

(i) - Several, (ii) - Megaspore, (iii) - Reduction

(i) - One, (ii) - Megaspore mother cell (iii) - Mitotic

(i) - One, (ii) - Megaspore (iii) - Mitotic

Find out incorrect statement.

The vegetative cell of pollen grain has large irregular shaped nucleus

Intine of pollen grain is made up of pectocellulose.

Generative cell of pollen grain divides meiotically to give rise to the two male gametes.

Each cell of the sporogenous tissue is capable of giving rise to a microspore tetrad.

Central cell after triple fusion becomes:

PEC

PEN

Embryo

Zygote

Monoecious prevents:

Geitonogamy

Autogamy

Xenogamy

All

Arrange the following events in correct chronological sequence of occurrence in a typical flowering plant.
A. Formation of the female gametophyte
B. Fruit formation
C. Degradation of antipodals
D. Transfer of pollen to stigma
E. Triple fusion Choose the correct option.

B - A - C - D - E

D - C - B - E - A

C - D - E - A - B

A - D - E - C - B

Device NOT preventing selfing:

Asynchrony

Position difference

Self incompatibility

Bisexual flower

Correct sequence of triple fusion:

PEC → PEN → Endosperm

PEN → PEC → Endosperm

PEC → Endosperm → Embryo

PEN → Zygote → Endosperm

Ovules NOT one in:

Wheat

Paddy

Mango

Orchids

Pollen-pistil interaction refers to:

Gamete formation

Style penetration only

Stigma to ovule entry

Fertilisation only

Identify 1 to 4 in the following diagram :

Screenshot 2026-04-20 at 11.35.59 AM.png

1-Pollen grain, 2-Pollen sac, 3-Filament, 4-Line of dehiscence

1-Filament, 2-Pollen sac, 3-Line of dehiscence, 4-Pollen grain

1-Filament, 2-Line of dehiscence, 3-Pollen sac, 4-Pollen grain

1-Pollen sac, 2-Pollen grain, 3-Line of dehiscence, 4-Filament

Wall layers helping dehiscence:

Epidermis & endothecium

Middle layers & tapetum

Epidermis, endothecium, middle layers

All layers

End products of sexual reproduction:

Flowers & fruits

Seeds & ovules

Pollens & ovules

Fruits & seeds

Match the following:

Column I	Column II
APolyembryony	iBeet root
BApomixis	iiHybrid seeds
CLupine	iiiCitrus
DPerisperm	ivLongest period of dormancy

(a)-(iii), (b)-(ii), (c)-(iv), (d)-(i)

(a)-(iii), (b)-(i), (c)-(iv), (d)-(ii)

(a)-(ii), (b)-(iii), (c)-(i), (d)-(iv)

(a)-(i), (b)-(ii), (c)-(iii), (d)-(iv)

MMC produces:

2 megaspores

4 megaspores

6 megaspores

8 megaspores

Which of the following statements are correct for a typical female gametophyte of a flowering plant?
i) It is 8-nucleate and 7-celled at maturity
ii) It must undergo meiosis
iii) It is situated inside the integument but outside the nucellus
iv) It has an egg apparatus situated at the chalazal end

(i) and (iv)

(i) and (ii)

(ii) and (iii)

(iii) and (iv)

Viola, Oxalis, Commelina show:

Only chasmogamous

Only autogamy

Both cleistogamous & chasmogamous

Only xenogamy

Assertion: Cleistogamous flowers are invariably autogamous.
Reason: These flowers do not open.

If both assertion and reason are true and reason is the correct explanation of assertion

If both assertion and reason are true but reason is not the correct explanation of assertion

If assertion is true but reason is false

If both assertion and reason are false

Junction between ovule & funicle:

Nucellus

Hilum

Micropyle

Chalaza

Synergids have:

Egg apparatus

Filiform apparatus

Antipodals

Central cell

Chalazal cells:

Egg apparatus

Antipodals

Synergids

Egg

Tapetum cells:

Thin cytoplasm

Dense cytoplasm

No nucleus

Dead cells

In a flower, the androecium consists of a whorl of stamens representing the:

male gametophyte

female reproductive organ

male reproductive organ

female gametophyte

Yucca pollinated by:

Moth

Lizard

Lemur

Bird

Embryo sac:

8-nucleate 7-celled

7-nucleate 8-celled

7-nucleate 7-celled

8-nucleate 8-celled

In a typical stamen, the long and slender stalk is called the:

anther

filament

funicle

longitudinal groove

Cells with dense cytoplasm & more nuclei:

Epidermis

Endothecium

Middle layers

Tapetum

Ovules are:

Microsporangia

Megasporangia

Male gametophyte

Female gametophyte

Refer the given characteristics of some flowers :

I. Light and non-sticky pollen grains.

II. Exserted stigmas and anthers.

III. Large, often feathery stigmas.

IV. Flowers colourless, odourless and nectarless. Above features are the characteristics of :

Anemophily

Hydrophily

Entomophily

Zoophily

"In Western countries a large number of ______ product in the form of tablets and ______ are available in market. Pollen consumption claimed to increase the ______ of athlete." The words to fill blanks in sequential order are :

Pistil, syrup, Assimilation power

Stamen, food, sexual urge

Carpel, yoghurt, labido

Pollen, syrup, performance

Fusion of male gamete with egg:

Double fertilisation

Triple fusion

Endosperm

Syngamy

Central cell has:

One nucleus

Two nuclei

Three nuclei

Four nuclei

The stigma of anemophilous flower is :-

Minute

Smooth

Feathery

Dry

In corn cob, stigma traps:

Ovules

Pollen grains

Megaspores

Nucellus

Identify the incorrect statement:

Wind pollination common in grasses

Water pollinated pollen protected

Wind/water flowers are colourful

Fly pollinated flowers foul smelling

Basal part of ovule:

Micropyle

Funicle

Chalaza

Hilum

Chalazal cells:

Egg apparatus

Antipodals

Synergids

Polar nuclei

A typical angiosperm anther is ‘A’ and its each lobe is ‘B’. A and B respectively are:

bilobed and monothecous

bilobed and dithecous

tetralobed and monothecous

tetralobed and dithecous

Megaspore mother cell produces:

Exine apertures:

Micropyle

Germ pore

Hilum

Funicle

Egg apparatus consists of:

Antipodals

Egg + 2 synergids

Central cell

Filiform apparatus

Pollen-pistil interaction includes:

Formation of gametes

Deposition to ovule entry

Only fertilisation

Only pollination

Sugar conc. for pollen germination:

10%

25%

60%

Water pollinated except:

Vallisneria

Hydrilla

Zostera

Amorphophallus

Assertion: Flowers are marvels Reason: Site of asexual reproduction

A true R false

A false R true

Both true correct

Both true wrong

Read the following statements carefully and select the correct option from options given below :
(A) Polar nuclei are situated above the egg apparatus in embryo sac.
(B) In process of triple fusion, one male gamete fuses with one diploid female gamete.
(C) In beet and black pepper, perisperm is present in seeds.
(D) Apomixis is a type of sexual reproduction which mimics the asexual reproduction.

A, C and D are correct

A, B and D are correct

A and C are correct

Only C is correct

Emasculation is:

Pollen deposition

Removal of anthers before dehiscence

Bagging

Gamete formation

Identify A, B, C (pistil diagram):

A = Stigma; B = Style; C = Ovary

A = Style; B = Stigma; C = Ovule

A = Style; B = Stigma; C = Thalamus

A = Stigma; B = Style; C = Thalamus

Assertion: Cleistogamous flowers are autogamous Reason: No cross pollen landing

A true R false

A false R true

Both true correct

Both true wrong

Embryo sac from one megaspore:

Monosporic

Megasporogenesis

Geitonogamy

Xenogamy

Assertion: Pollen causes allergy Reason: Parthenium via rice

A true R false

A false R true

Both true correct

Both true wrong

Insect pollinated except:

Large

Colourful

Nectar

Single ovule

Correct statement:

Autogamy = different flower

Open flowers → autogamy rare

Chasmogamous assured seed set

Cleistogamous open flowers

Question Palette

Unattempted

Correct

Incorrect

Column I

Column II

APolyembryony

iBeet root

BApomixis

iiHybrid seeds

CLupine

iiiCitrus

DPerisperm

ivLongest period of dormancy