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Botany
Organisms and Populations
67 questions · Click an option and press Check Answer to reveal the result
1
……… of animals and nearly all plants cannot maintain a constant internal environment.
A
80%
B
90%
C
99%
D
100%
2
Population density (N) of Siberian cranes at Bharatpur wetlands in any year is
A
>10
B
<10
C
>100
D
<100
3
Sweating is a way of
A
Regulate
B
Conform
C
Suspend
D
All of these
4
Graphs A and B shown below depict interaction of two species, Which graph indicates Mutualism ?
A
A
B
B
C
(A) and (B) Both
D
None
5
If the birth rate is 100, the death rate is 10 and the number of individuals in a population group is 1000, then what will be the intrinsic rate of natural increase of the population?
A
900
B
90
C
1090
D
890
6
A process in which fitness of one species decreases due to another is
A
Competition
B
Commensalism
C
Parasitism
D
Predation
7
Organisms that can tolerate only a narrow range of temperatures are called
A
Eurythermal
B
Stenothermal
C
Euryhaline
D
Stenohaline
8
Select the false statement from the following
A
Pathogens, parasites, predators belong to biotic components
B
Water, light, temperature belong to physico-chemical components
C
Temperature decreases from equator to poles and increases from plains to mountains
D
Temperature ranges from subzero to >50°C
9
Population ecology links ecology to
A
Genetics & physiology
B
Genetics & evolution
C
Genetics & molecular biology
D
Genetics & biochemistry
10
Which of the following attributes is found in a 'Population' but NOT in an 'Individual'?
A
Birth and Death
B
Sex ratio and Birth rate
C
Age
D
Life cycle
11
If there is no external source of water, kangaroo rat produces water by
A
Fat oxidation
B
Sugar oxidation
C
Protein oxidation
D
Glycogen oxidation
12
In a pond, 48 lotus plants produce 18 new plants. Birth rate is
A
0.375
B
0.17
C
0.775
D
0.3
13
In the equation, K and N denote
A
K= population, N= carrying capacity
B
K= growth rate, N= carrying capacity
C
K= carrying capacity, N= population
D
K= growth rate, N= initial population
14
Human liver fluke depends on two intermediate hosts
A
Snail & human
B
Human & fish
C
Snail & mosquito
D
Snail & fish
15
Match the following and Choose the correct answer
A
(A)-I, (B)-II, (C)-III, (D)-IV
B
(A)-IV, (B)-III, (C)-II, (D)-I
C
(A)-II, (B)-I, (C)-IV, (D)-III
D
(A)-III, (B)-IV, (C)-I, (D)-II
16
Four basic processes that fluctuate population density are
A
Natality, mortality, lag & log phase
B
Lag phase, log phase, immigration & emigration
C
Lag phase, migration, immigration & emigration
D
Natality, mortality, immigration & emigration
17
In age pyramids, correct sequence is
A
P= Stable, Q= Expanding, R= Declining
B
P= Declining, Q= Stable, R= Expanding
C
P= Stable, Q= Declining, R= Expanding
D
P= Expanding, Q= Stable, R= Declining
18
The vegetation & animals in an area are determined by
A
Soil composition
B
pH
C
Mineral composition & topography
D
All of the above
19
Thermoregulation for small animals is
A
Energetically cheap due to larger surface area
B
Energetically expensive due to larger surface area
C
Energetically expensive due to smaller surface area
D
Energetically cheap due to smaller surface area
20
In the given figure, K, L, M & N depict the sign of
A
+ + – –
B
– – + +
C
+ – + –
D
– + – +
21
The two basic processes, contribute to an increase in population density in a given habitat during a given period time are
A
Natality and Emigration
B
Natality and Immigration
C
Immigration and Emigration
D
Mortality and Immigration
22
Given below is the diagrammatic representation of organismic response. Label A, B & C.
A
A= Regulators, B= Conformers, C= Partial regulators
B
A= Partial regulators, B= Conformers, C= Regulators
C
A= Conformers, B= Regulators, C= Partial regulators
D
A= Regulators, B= Partial regulators, C= Conformers
23
The morphological, physiological & behavioural attribute that enables survival is called
A
Regulation
B
Adaptation
C
Acclimatization
D
Conformation
24
Physiological ecology is the study of
A
Adaptation of an organism to environments in terms of survival and reproduction
B
Ecology at the organismic level
C
Behaviour of organisms
D
Both A & B
25
Which of the following is wrong statement?
A
Populations minimize reproductive fitness
B
Organisms evolve efficient reproductive strategy
C
Life history evolves due to environmental factors
D
Logistic growth is realistic
26
The number of individuals entering a habitat is called
A
Migration
B
Immigration
C
Emigration
D
None
27
Which one correctly explains conformers?
A
Maintain constant body temperature and osmotic concentration
B
Maintain constant osmotic concentration
C
Body temperature changes with surroundings
D
Body temperature or ionic level changes with surroundings
28
The most ecologically relevant environmental factor is
A
Light
B
Temperature
C
Soil
D
Water
29
Which of the following animals have a larger surface area relative to volume?
A
Shrews, humming birds, rats
B
Elephant, blue whale, giraffe
C
Human, deer, mouse
D
Blue whale, dinosaurs, elephant
30
Select the false statement
A
Thermal vents have temperature above 100°C
B
Mango cannot grow in temperate regions
C
Snow leopard is absent in Kerala
D
Tuna fishes are found beyond tropical latitudes
31
Match the following (interaction vs effect): A. Mutualism B. Competition C. Predation & Parasitism D. Commensalism E. Amensalism Options:
A
A-5, B-3, C-2, D-1, E-4
B
A-3, B-4, C-5, D-2, E-1
C
A-2, B-3, C-1, D-5, E-4
D
A-4, B-3, C-2, D-5, E-1
32
Organisms maintain constant internal environment despite external changes. It is called
A
Haemostasis
B
Homeostasis
C
Homeothermy
D
Poikilothermy
33
Regarding altitude sickness, which statement is false?
A
Occurs above 3500 m
B
Symptoms include nausea and fatigue
C
Due to low atmospheric pressure
D
Body decreases Hb binding capacity
34
The second most important abiotic factor is
A
Water
B
Air
C
Soil
D
Temperature
35
Match the columns-I and II and choose the correct options given.
| Column I | Column II |
|---|---|
ACamouflaged | iAcacia |
BDistasteful | iiCalotropis |
CThorns | iiiMonarch butterfly |
DCardiac | ivFrogs |
A
a-iv, b-iii, c-i, d-ii
B
a-iv, b-i, c-ii, d-iii
C
a-iv, b-iii, c-i, d-ii
D
a-iii, b-iv, c-ii, d-i
36
Population density increases if
A
B+I < D+E
B
B+E > D+I
C
B+I > D+E
D
B+E < D+I
37
Cryptic colouration of insects and frogs is called
A
Camouflage
B
Bioluminescence
C
Hibernation
D
Metagenesis
38
Avoiding competition by using different resources/time is
A
Competitive release
B
Interference competition
C
Resource partitioning
D
Struggle for existence
39
'X' in the given graph represents :
A
Biotic potential
B
Carrying capacity
C
Population density from time 't'
D
Intrinsic rate of increase
40
Read the following statements and select the correct option.
Statement 1 : Species facing competition might evolve mechanisms that promote exclusion rather than co-existance.
Statement 2 : Majority of parasites reduce the survival, growth and reproduction of the host and reduce its population density.
A
Only statement 1 is correct
B
Only statement 2 is correct
C
Both the statements are correct
D
Both the statements are incorrect
41
Which of the following statements is incorrect regarding the Logistic Growth Model?
A
It forms an S-shaped sigmoid curve when resources are limited.
B
It is known as Verhulst-Pearl Logistic Growth.
C
It occurs when resources in the habitat are unlimited.
D
In this 'K' represents the carrying capacity.
42
Odd one out
A
Pathogens
B
Water
C
Soil
D
Oxygen
43
A biologist found natality 250, mortality 240, immigration 20, emigration 30. Net increase is
A
05
B
0
C
10
D
15
44
Feeding efficiency reduced due to presence of other species is
A
Intraspecific competition
B
Interference competition
C
Interspecific competition
D
Competitive release
45
Given below are two statements:
Statement I: In an expanding population, the number of pre-reproductive individuals is more than that of reproductive and post-reproductive individuals.
Statement II: Sex ratio is a population attribute. In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from the options given below:
A
Both Statement I and Statement II are correct.
B
Both Statement I and Statement II are incorrect.
C
Statement I is correct but Statement II is incorrect.
D
Statement I is incorrect but Statement II is correct.
46
Formula of growth rate for population is
A
dt/dN = rN
B
dt/rN = dN
C
rN/dN = dt
D
dN/dt = rN
47
Ecology is the study of
A
Biotic and abiotic factors in environment
B
Interactions among organisms and between the organism and its physical environment
C
Interactions of organisms with their abiotic environment
D
Environment and the biotic factors in it
48
Match the following: A. MacArthur B. Brood parasitism C. Sexual deceit D. Mycorrhizae E. Lichen Options:
A
A-5, B-3, C-2, D-1, E-4
B
A-3, B-4, C-5, D-2, E-1
C
A-4, B-3, C-2, D-5, E-1
D
A-2, B-3, C-1, D-5, E-4
49
A population is
A
Group of organisms in an area
B
Group of species in an area
C
Group of individuals of same species in an area
D
Number of individuals per unit area
50
Which of the following is not an example of “suspend”?
A
Formation of spores
B
Osmoregulation in birds
C
Diapause
D
Hibernation
51
Select the wrong statement
A
Light affects reproductive cycles
B
Deep oceans lack sunlight
C
Spectral quality is not important
D
Marine plants do not receive all wavelengths
52
Competitive exclusion principle was given by
A
Darwin
B
Gause
C
MacArthur
D
Verhulst
53
The salt concentration or salinity in parts per thousand is
A
<15 inland, 30–35 sea, >120 hypersaline
B
<35 inland, 80–85 sea, >100 hypersaline
C
<25 inland, 60–65 sea, >150 hypersaline
D
<5 inland, 30–35 sea, >100 hypersaline
54
Match List-I with List-II.
List-I (Organisms) List-II (Description of interaction between them)
(A) Cuckoo laying eggs in Crow’s nest (I) One benefitted, another unaffected
(B) Orchid growing as an epiphyte on a mango branch (II) One benefitted, another harmed
(C) Fig and pollinator wasp (III) Both lose
(D) Visiting Flamingoes and resident fishes in some shallow South American lakes (IV) Both benefitted
Choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below.
A
A-I, B-II, C-III, D-IV
B
A-II, B-I, C-IV, D-III
C
A-II, B-IV, C-I, D-III
D
A-IV, B-III, C-II, D-I
55
A species expands range when competitor is removed. This is
A
Competitive release
B
Resource partitioning
C
Interference competition
D
Struggle for existence
56
In warm-blooded animals, shorter appendages in cold climates follow
A
Allen’s Rule
B
Bergman’s rule
C
Gause's hypothesis
D
Gloger’s rule
57
Which association shows mutualism?
A
Barnacles on whale
B
Fig and wasp
C
Roundworms in intestine
D
Orchids on mango tree
58
In population attributes, N represents
A
Natality
B
Mortality
C
Population density
D
Emigration
59
Which of the interactions has negative effects ?
(i) Predation (ii) Mutualism (iii) Commensalism (iv) Parasitism
A
i, iii
B
i, iv
C
ii, iii
D
i only
60
Match commensalism examples: A. Orchid B. Barnacles C. Egret D. Sea anemone Options:
A
A-4, B-3, C-2, D-1
B
A-3, B-4, C-2, D-1
C
A-3, B-4, C-1, D-2
D
A-2, B-3, C-4, D-1
61
Asymptote in logistic growth occurs when
A
K = N
B
K > N
C
K < N
D
r → 0
62
Select the false statement
A
Monarch butterfly is distasteful due to chemicals from host plant
B
Calotropis produces poisonous glycosides
C
Nicotine, caffeine etc. are defense chemicals
D
Goats in Galapagos became extinct due to tortoise introduction
63
Connell’s barnacle experiment showed
A
Parasitism
B
Predation
C
Mutualism
D
Competition
64
Under normal conditions, factors influencing population density are
A
Immigration & Emigration
B
Births & deaths
C
Immigration & births
D
Emigration & deaths
65
The predator maintain species diversity this can be explain by following experimental example :-
A
Picky pear cactus havoc in Australia 1920
B
Mac Arthur's experimental study of tree
C
Experimental removing of Pisaster star fish from American pacific coast
D
Connell's elegant field experiment
66
Ecology is concerned with 4 levels of biological organization. They are
A
Organisms, populations, communities & biomes
B
Cells, tissues, organs and organ system
C
Species, populations, ecosystems & biomes
D
Autotrophs, herbivores, carnivores & decomposers
67
Which is correctly labelled?
A
B: Logistic curve
B
C: Carrying capacity
C
C: Exponential curve
D
A: Carrying capacity
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