Back to ExamsBack
0 of 65 answered
Botany
Microbes in Human Welfare
65 questions · Click an option and press Check Answer to reveal the result
1
Which of the following is NOT a nitrogen fixer?
A
Anabaena
B
Nostoc
C
Oscillatoria
D
Saccharomyces
2
Match Column A with B: (1) Citric Acid (2) Butyric Acid (3) Lactic Acid (4) Acetic Acid (A) Lactobacillus (B) Acetobacter aceti (C) Aspergillus niger (D) Clostridium butylicum
A
1-C, 2-D, 3-A, 4-B
B
1-C, 2-A, 3-D, 4-B
C
1-B, 2-D, 3-A, 4-C
D
1-D, 2-C, 3-B, 4-A
3
The residue left after biogas production is used as:
A
Fuel
B
Manure
C
Medicine
D
Detergent
4
Alexander Fleming discovered Penicillin while working on:
A
Staphylococci
B
Streptococci
C
E. coli
D
Bacillus
5
The large holes in "Swiss Cheese" are due to the production of CO2 by:
A
Propionibacterium sharmanii
B
Saccharomyces cerevisiae
C
Penicillium roqueforti
D
Methanobacterium
6
Which of the following option is not correct.
A
During sewage treatment in primary settling tank heterotrophic microbes consume the major part of organic matter present in sewage.
B
Treatment of waste water is done by the heterotrophic microbes naturally present in the sewage.
C
BOD is a measure of the organic matter present in the water.
D
The Ministry of Environment and Forest has initiated Ganga Action Plan and Yamuna Action Plan.
7
The metabolic pathway for ethanol production by yeast is:
A
Aerobic respiration
B
Anaerobic fermentation
C
Photosynthesis
D
Chemosynthesis
8
Statins used for lowering blood cholesterol are extracted from:
A
A bacterium
B
A fungus (yeast)
C
An algae
D
A virus
9
Which of the following statements regarding Biofertilizers is INCORRECT?
A
Azotobacter and Azospirillum are free-living nitrogen-fixing bacteria in soil.
B
The genus Glomus forms mycorrhiza that helps plants absorb phosphorus.
C
Cyanobacteria like Anabaena and Nostoc are important biofertilizers in paddy fields.
D
Rhizobium forms symbiotic associations with roots of non-leguminous plants like Alnus.
10
Which of the following is a free-living nitrogen-fixing bacterium?
A
Rhizobium
B
Azotobacter
C
Glomus
D
Frankia
11
Rhizobium forms symbiotic association with:
A
Non-leguminous plants
B
Leguminous plants
C
Algae
D
Fungi
12
In an anaerobic sludge digester, the gases produced are a mixture of:
A
CH4, H2S, CO2
B
CH4, O2, CO2
C
CH4, SO2, N2
D
CO2, NH3, H2S
13
In the standard diagram of a biogas plant, the floating cover is placed over the slurry to:
A
Prevent the entry of air
B
Collect the gas produced
C
Stir the slurry
D
Filter the methane
14
Read the following statements (i-iv) and identify the CORRECT ones: (i) Trichoderma polysporum is a free-living fungus used in the treatment of plant diseases. (ii) Statins are produced by the bacterium Monascus purpureus. (iii) Baculoviruses are pathogens that attack insects and other arthropods. (iv) Ladybird and Dragonflies are used to get rid of aphids and mosquitoes, respectively.
A
(i), (ii), and (iii)
B
(ii), (iii), and (iv)
C
(i), (iii), and (iv)
D
All of the above
15
Primary treatment of sewage is essentially a:
A
Biological process
B
Chemical process
C
Physical process
D
Autotrophic process
16
Bottled fruit juices are clearer than homemade ones because of the use of:
A
Pectinases and Proteases
B
Lipases and Amylases
C
Nucleases
D
Cellulases
17
Antibiotics are essentially:
A
Proteins
B
Chemical substances produced by microbes
C
Toxins produced by plants
D
Vitamins
18
The technology of biogas production was developed in India mainly due to the efforts of:
A
IARI and KVIC
B
ICAR and NEERI
C
CSIR and IARI
D
KVIC and CSIR
19
Assertion (A): Rhizobium forms symbiotic association with roots of non-leguminous plants like Alnus. Reason (R): Frankia forms nitrogen-fixing nodules in non-leguminous plants.
A
Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A
B
Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A
C
A is false, but R is true
D
A is true, but R is false
20
Full potential of penicillin as an effective antibiotic was established by :-
A
Ernest Chain
B
Howard Florey
C
Calvin
D
Both 1 and 2
21
Assertion (A): During secondary treatment of sewage, the BOD of the effluent increases until the organic matter is consumed. Reason (R): Aerobic microbes consume organic matter, thereby increasing oxygen demand.
A
Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A
B
Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A
C
A is true, but R is false
D
A is false, but R is true
22
During the conversion of milk into curd, which vitamin content increases?
A
Vitamin C
B
Vitamin D
C
Vitamin B12
D
Vitamin A
23
Identify the INCORRECT statement about Biogas production:
A
The technology was developed in India mainly due to the efforts of IARI and KVIC.
B
Methanogens are found in the rumen of cattle and in anaerobic sludge.
C
The biogas plant consists of a concrete tank 10-15 feet deep in which bio-wastes are collected and slurry is fed.
D
Methanogens grow aerobically on cellulosic material to produce large amounts of methane.
24
The genus Glomus is known for forming:
A
Biogas
B
Mycorrhiza
C
Nitrogen-fixing nodules
D
Fermented milk
25
Assertion (A): Trichoderma polysporum is used as a biocontrol agent against plant pathogens. Reason (R): It is a free-living fungus found in the root ecosystem.
A
Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A
B
Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A
C
A is true, but R is false
D
A is false, but R is true
26
Secondary treatment is also known as:
A
Chemical treatment
B
Physical treatment
C
Biological treatment
D
Mechanical treatment
27
Cyclosporin A, an immunosuppressive agent, is produced by:
A
Monascus purpureus
B
Trichoderma polysporum
C
Penicillium notatum
D
Aspergillus niger
28
Which treatment stage removes floating debris?
A
Secondary
B
Primary
C
Tertiary
D
Biological
29
After Rene descartes, natural sciences were mainly directed towards:
A
Understanding nature for its own sake
B
Conservation of biodiversity
C
Development of technologies for human comfort
D
Religious interpretations of nature
30
Regarding the enzyme Streptokinase, which statement is INCORRECT?
A
It is produced by the bacterium Streptococcus.
B
It is modified by genetic engineering to be used as a therapeutic agent.
C
It acts as a 'clot buster' for patients suffering from myocardial infarction.
D
It is used to lower blood cholesterol levels by inhibiting HMG-CoA reductase.
31
The "flocs" in secondary treatment of sewage consist of:
A
Algae and Fungi
B
Bacteria and Algae
C
Bacteria and Fungi
D
Viruses and Bacteria
32
Methanogens grow anaerobically on:
A
Cellulosic material
B
Proteins
C
Lipids
D
Vitamins
33
Streptokinase, used as a "clot buster", is obtained from:
A
Streptococcus
B
Staphylococcus
C
Lactobacillus
D
Aspergillus
34
A microbial biocontrol agent that is used to control several plant pathogens is the fungus:
A
Trichoderma
B
Aspergillus
C
Penicillium
D
Glomus
35
Mycorrhiza is a symbiotic association between:
A
Algae and Fungi
B
Fungi and Roots of higher plants
C
Bacteria and Roots of legumes
D
Algae and Roots of higher plants
36
When BOD of sewage is reduced, the effluent is passed into a settling tank where flocs are allowed to sediment. This sediment is called:
A
Primary sludge
B
Activated sludge
C
Tertiary sludge
D
Anaerobic sludge
37
Methanogens are found in:
A
Anaerobic sludge
B
Rumen of cattle
C
Flooded rice fields
D
All of the above
38
Assertion (A): Methanogens grow aerobically on cellulosic material to produce methane. Reason (R): Methanogens are obligate anaerobes found in rumen and sludge.
A
Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A
B
Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A
C
A is false, but R is true
D
A is true, but R is false
39
Which microbe is known as "Brewer’s Yeast"?
A
Saccharomyces cerevisiae
B
Saccharomyces ellipsoidens
C
Monascus purpureus
D
Trichoderma polysporum
40
High BOD in a water body indicates that:
A
Water is pure
B
Water is highly polluted
C
Environment is aerobic
D
Microbial activity is low
41
The bioactive molecule "Statins" acts by:
A
Inhibiting the enzyme responsible for cholesterol synthesis
B
Dissolving blood clots
C
Inhibiting the immune system
D
Increasing B12 levels
42
The enzyme used in detergents to remove oily stains is:
A
Protease
B
Pectinase
C
Lipase
D
Cellulase
43
Which of the following is an example of an "Amoeboid" biocontrol agent?
A
Bacillus
B
Trichoderma
C
Nucleopolyhedrovirus
D
Ladybird
44
Which of the following is produced by a bacteria?
A
Roquefort cheese
B
Swiss cheese
C
Wine
D
Penicillin
45
Baculoviruses (Nucleopolyhedrovirus) are excellent candidates for:
A
Broad-spectrum insecticidal applications
B
Species-specific, narrow-spectrum insecticidal applications
C
Increasing soil fertility
D
Killing beneficial insects
46
The Ministry of Environment and Forests initiated which plans to save major rivers from pollution?
A
Ganga and Yamuna Action Plan
B
Narmada Action Plan
C
Kaveri Action Plan
D
All of these
47
Which of the following is used as a biocontrol agent against butterflies and caterpillars?
A
Bacillus thuringiensis
B
Saccharomyces
C
Trichoderma
D
Aphids
48
Identify the INCORRECT statement regarding Sewage Treatment:
A
In primary treatment, the sediment is called primary sludge and the supernatant forms the effluent.
B
During secondary treatment, the BOD of the effluent is increased until the organic matter is consumed.
C
The activated sludge is pumped into anaerobic sludge digesters where methane, hydrogen sulfide, and CO2 are produced.
D
Tertiary treatment is a physico-chemical process used to remove nitrates and phosphates.
49
Match the column-I with column-II and select correct option.
| Column I | Column II |
|---|---|
AAzotobacter | iBiocontrol agents |
BBaculovirus | iiBiogas |
CMethanogens | iiiBiofertilisers |
DStatins | ivBioactive molecule |
A
A-i, B-iii, C-ii, D-iv
B
A-i, B-ii, C-iii, D-iv
C
A-iii, B-i, C-ii, D-iv
D
A-iii, B-i, C-iv, D-ii
50
The main gas present in Biogas is:
A
Hydrogen
B
Methane
C
Carbon dioxide
D
Ethane
51
Assertion (A): Streptokinase is used as a clot buster in patients suffering from myocardial infarction. Reason (R): It is produced by Streptococcus and helps dissolve blood clots.
A
Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A
B
Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A
C
A is true, but R is false
D
A is false, but R is true
52
The purpose of aeration in secondary treatment is to:
A
Kill anaerobic bacteria
B
Promote growth of aerobic microbes
C
Reduce the amount of water
D
Filter large particles
53
Organic farming does not include:
A
Green manure
B
Chemical fertilizers
C
Crop rotation
D
Biopesticides
54
In Mycorrhiza, the fungus helps the plant in:
A
Phosphorus absorption
B
Resistance to root-borne pathogens
C
Tolerance to salinity and drought
D
All of these
55
Dragonflies are used to get rid of:
A
Aphids
B
Mosquitoes
C
Caterpillars
D
Beetles
56
The primary effluent is passed into large aeration tanks where it is constantly agitated mechanically and air is pumped into it. This allows the growth of:
A
Anaerobic bacteria
B
Aerobic microbes (flocs)
C
Methanogens
D
Blue-green algae
57
Biofertilizers are organisms that:
A
Enrich the nutrient quality of the soil
B
Kill pests in the field
C
Increase the size of the fruit
D
All of the above
58
"Toddy", a traditional drink in Southern India, is made by fermenting sap from:
A
Coconut
B
Palms
C
Sugarcane
D
Bamboo
59
Cyanobacteria like Anabaena and Nostoc are important biofertilizers in:
A
Wheat fields
B
Maize fields
C
Paddy fields
D
Sugarcane fields
60
BOD (Biochemical Oxygen Demand) is a measure of:
A
Total inorganic matter in water
B
Organic matter present in water
C
The amount of CO2 in water
D
The amount of O2 released by microbes
61
The first antibiotic discovered was:
A
Streptomycin
B
Penicillin
C
Tetracycline
D
Neomycin
62
Integrated Pest Management (IPM) is specifically useful for:
A
Heavily polluted areas
B
Ecologically sensitive areas
C
Desert areas
D
Urban areas
63
Penicillin was extensively used to treat American soldiers in:
A
World War I
B
World War II
C
Vietnam War
D
Gulf War
64
The ladybird beetle is used to control:
A
Mosquitoes
B
Aphids
C
Locusts
D
Bacteria
65
Which of the following bacteria is used to convert milk into curd?
A
Streptococcus
B
Lactobacillus
C
Propionibacterium
D
Clostridium
Question Palette
Unattempted
Correct
Incorrect